Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR)

Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion Theory (VSEPR) is a molecular model to predict the geometry of the atoms making up a molecule where the electrostatic forces between a molecules valence electrons are minimized around a central atom. The theory is also known as Gillespie–Nyholm theory, after the two scientists who developed it). According to Gillespie, the Pauli Exclusion Principle is more important in determining molecular geometry than the effect of electrostatic repulsion. According to VSEPR theory, the methane (CH4) molecule is a tetrahedron because the hydrogen bonds repel each other and evenly distribute themselves around the central carbon atom. Using VSEPR To Predict Geometry of Molecules You cant use a molecular structure to predict the geometry of a molecule, although you can use the Lewis structure. This is the basis for VSEPR theory. The valence electron pairs naturally arrange so that they will be as far apart from each other as possible. This minimizes their electrostatic repulsion. Take, for example, BeF2. If you view the Lewis structure for this molecule, you see each fluorine atom is surrounded by valence electron pairs, except for the one electron each fluorine atom has that is bonded to the central beryllium atom. The fluorine valence electrons pull as far apart as possible or 180Â °, giving this compound a linear shape. If you add another fluorine atom to make BeF3, the furthest the valence electron pairs can get from each other is 120Â °, which forms a trigonal planar shape. Double and Triple Bonds in VSEPR Theory Molecular geometry is determined by possible locations of an electron in a valence shell, not by how many how many pairs of valence electrons are present. To see how the model works for a molecule with double bonds, consider carbon dioxide, CO2. While carbon has four pairs of bonding electrons, there are only two places electrons can be found in this molecule (in each of the double bonds with oxygen). Repulsion between the electrons is least when the double bonds are on opposite sides of the carbon atom. This forms a linear molecule that has a 180Â ° bond angle. For another example, consider the carbonate ion, CO32-. As with carbon dioxide, there are four pairs of valence electrons around the central carbon atom. Two pairs are in single bonds with oxygen atoms, while two pairs are part of a double bond with an oxygen atom. This means there are three locations for electrons. Repulsion between electrons is minimized when the oxygen atoms form an equilateral triangle around the carbon atom. Therefore, VSEPR theory predicts the carbonate ion will take a trigonal planar shape, with a 120Â ° bond angle. Exceptions to VSEPR Theory Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion theory does not always predict the correct geometry of molecules. Examples of exceptions include: transition metal molecules (e.g., CrO3 is trigonal bipyramidal, TiCl4 is tetrahedral)odd-electron molecules (CH3 is planar rather than trigonal pyramidal)some AX2E0 molecules (e.g., CaF2 has a bond angle of 145Â °)some AX2E2 molecules (e.g., Li2O is linear rather than bent)some AX6E1 molecules (e.g., XeF6 is octahedral rather than pentagonal pyramidal)some AX8E1 molecules Source R.J. Gillespie (2008), Coordination Chemistry Reviews vol. 252, pp. 1315-1327, Fifty years of the VSEPR model

The Analysis of Behavior Centered and Person Centered...

The long-term goal of any counselling session is to aid the client in their overcoming and defeat of obstacles they may face through the facilitation of psychological tools and theories. The evolution of psychology over the last 100 years has seen numerous theories put forth for application to therapy in the clinical setting. Two widely used and well-founded methods include Behaviour Therapy and Person Centered Therapy. The dynamics of Behaviour Therapy were first discovered by the famous researcher and psychologist B.F Skinner, through his findings on operant conditioning (Lindsley; Skinner Soloman, 1953). The behaviour modification component of Behaviour Therapy utilises techniques founded in Skinner’s discovery of operant†¦show more content†¦The operant conditioning approach of Skinner works by rewarding behaviour that is defined in the set out goals for the ‘intervention’ or reason for the therapy. The operationalisation of this method is achieved through contingency management plans, primarily; token systems or voucher programs. This method is used widely in application within the health sector in association with drug addiction. The premise of operant conditioning is operationalised as a reward system. Patients who adhere to their specified treatment plans are ‘rewarded’ for their positive progressive work with either a ‘token’ or ‘voucher’. Either of these items act as an incentive; as used in past applications the vouchers have been able to be redeemed for use in retail stores. This method was applied with treating cocaine addiction in the 1990’s (Higgins, et. al, 1991) and was found to be highly effective in treating dependence in clinical trials (Lussier, et. al, 2006). The use of point or level systems is a common method in not only rewarding adaptive behaviour, but also encouraging further mastery of one’s behaviours and control. The patient’s privileges will slowly increase with the achievement of reaching each new ‘level’, an example of this may be; vouchers offered for recording negative drug screens two weeks successively. Four weeks of no drug use may allow for a new ‘level’ entailing it’s own, and more desirable rewardShow MoreRelatedDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesmymanagementlab is an online assessment and preparation solution for courses in Principles of Management, Human Resources, Strategy, and Organizational Behavior that helps you actively study and prepare material for class. Chapter-by-chapter activities, including built-in pretests and posttests, focus on what you need to learn and to review in order to succeed. Visit www.mymanagementlab.com to learn more. DEVELOPING MANAGEMENT SKILLS EIGHTH EDITION David A. Whetten BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY Read MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesOrganizational Behavior This page intentionally left blank Organizational Behavior EDITION 15 Stephen P. Robbins —San Diego State University Timothy A. Judge —University of Notre Dame i3iEi35Bj! Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo Editorial Director: Sally Yagan Director of Editorial Services:Read MoreMarketing Management 14th Edition Test Bank Kotler Test Bank173911 Words   |  696 PagesStrategic management E) Distribution management Answer: A Page Ref: 5 Objective: 2 Difficulty: Easy 3) Identify the correct statement about marketing management. A) It is primarily concerned with the systematic gathering, recording, and analysis of data about issues related to marketing products and services. B) It focuses mostly on monitoring the profitability of a companys products and services. C) It focuses solely on attaining an organizations sales goals in an efficient manner. Read MoreProject Managment Case Studies214937 Words   |  860 Pages295 The Blue Spider Project 301 Corwin Corporation 317 Quantum Telecom 329 The Trophy Project 331 Concrete Masonry Corporation 334 Margo Company 343 Project Overrun 345 The Automated Evaluation Project 347 The Rise and Fall of Iridium 351 Missing Person-Peter Leung 369 Zhou Jianglin, Project Manager 377 10 CONTROLLING PROJECTS 381 The Two-Boss Problem 383 The Bathtub Period 385 Ford Motor Co.: Electrical/Electronic Systems Engineering 388 viii 11 PROJECT RISK MANAGEMENT 401 CONTENTS

Nike and Unfair Labor Practices - 1057 Words

Nike and Unfair Labor Practices I. Introduction Nike has been accused of the unfair labor practice of sweatshop labor. A sweatshop is a place with hazardous working environments, extreme temperatures and abusive employers, hence the term sweat shop. Sweatshop workers work long days exceeding 14 hours and earn less than the living wage (Britanica, n.d.). While these conditions may be shocking to Americans and Modern Western Nations the notion of abusive working conditions is more attractive to Asians and South Americans who are faced with the stark choice of terrible working conditions or unemployment and possible death by starvation. The accusation then is that Nike is using these labor condition inequalities to take unethical†¦show more content†¦Is it against the law for me to do what I want with my money? Should you be jealous because I am kind to others?† (Matthew 20:13-14) So it seems that the Gospels suggest that unequal pay is allowed by God. But the parable of the vineyard workers is not about worldly wages. Christ was talking about how God will parcel out his grace to all those who do his will. After all, his true and final wage / grace to us is eternal life and no one can have two or three eternal lives. We all get one eternal life. Don’t be confused by this seemingly clear passage that justifies unequal pay. Instead consider this; â€Å"Woe to him who builds his house by unrighteousness, and his upper rooms by injustice, who makes his neighbor serve him for nothing and does not give him his wages† (Jeremiah 22:13) This passage can be interpreted as an indictment of those who build their prosperity with unjust and unrighteous means such as scrimping on wages of his workers to increase his profit margins. Also â€Å"Behold, the wages of the laborers who mowed your fields, which you kept back by fraud, are crying out against you, and the cries of the harvesters have reached the ears of the Lord of hosts.† (James 5:4). We know for a fact that keeping wages low despite high profit margins is a form of wage repression. Even if the workers are content, as opposed to being jobless, to work in wage repressed jobs it is still immoral to allow them to work in such conditions and for such lowShow MoreRelatedHitting the Wall: Nike and International Labor Practices1368 Words   |  6 Pages1) Which criticisms leveled against Nike do you consider to be fair? Explain. Nike s corporate practices are good indicators that the company is only interested in exploiting low wages in third world countries. This is indicated by investing in these countries through worker training or human resource investment but has continually shifted its operation to the country with a lower wage. Nike is in control of its subcontractors Ââ€" They dictate the price of a shoe and the cost of operation toRead MoreNike And International Labor Practices1207 Words   |  5 PagesHitting the Wall: Nike and International Labor Practices Nike is one of the most popular and successful footwear brands, and there are many manufacturing factories in different countries. In this case, it talks about Nike’s international labor practice between1980s to 1990s. At the beginning of the case, it mentions Nike started to attract teenagers’ attentions in 1970s, besides that, Nike’s revenue reached the first highest peak in 1980s by increasing not only the footwear styles but also the celebrityRead MoreNike Swot Analysis1214 Words   |  5 PagesSWOT analysis: Nike Introduction Like most companies, Nike has corporate strengths and weaknesses. However, in the 50 years that Nike has been in business, it has weathered most challenges. From its maverick days as an upstart sports shoe brand being sold out of the back of the trunk of its owners’ cars at track meets, through the 80s and 90s when it lavished multi-million dollar endorsement deals on sports icons. Following is a SWOT (strength, weakness, opportunity and threat) analysis ofRead MoreUnethical Business Practice: Nike1499 Words   |  6 Pages The role of the government also plays a major role in these challenges that are faced by Nike. As we know that government laws and regulations differ from country to country and this makes manufacturing of products very difficult challenge for the international companies like Nike. The host governments have laws concerns against consumer protection, information and labeling, employment, wages and salaries and safety of the workers who work in those firms. The international organizations must keepRead MoreNike : Managing Ethical Organization1288 Words   |  6 PagesNike: Managing Ethical Missteps- Sweatshops to Leadership in Employment Practices Founded in 1972, Nike is one of the world’s leading distributors of sporting equipment and apparel. The company faces stiff competition from brands such as Reebok and Adidas and must keep their prices low to remain competitive. Nike’s business model involves keeping production costs low as possible by outsourcing to foreign countries and using their high profit margins to invest in research and designRead MoreEssay Nike- Ethical Issues1454 Words   |  6 PagesAnalysis: Nike Introduction Nike was established in 1972 by Bill Bowerman and Phil Knight. These two men were visionaries. The goal for Nike was to carry on Bowerman’s legacy of innovative thinking by helping every athlete reach their goal or by creating lucrative business opportunities that would set the company apart from any competition. This included providing quality work environments for all who were employed by Nike. Read MoreThe Impact Of Nike And Globalization765 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Nike Inc is an athletic footwear company founded in the United States, they also has athletic clothing and sporting goods. Nike dominates the sporting industry along side its famous competitors; Adidas, Fila, Converse and Reebok (Locke, 2002). Regardless of its competitors and the controversies‘ that rose from their success, Nike is currently the largest and most important athletic wear company in the world. They dominate the market and have a global presence all over the world.Read MoreCase Study Of Nike, A Global Environment, Transportation And New Technologies1021 Words   |  5 Pagesthose related to sustainability. In a more global environment, companies need to develop new skills related to sustainability management. For this assignment we will analyze the case of Nike, a company whose expansion strategy made it the global poster child for corporate ethical fecklessness (Zadek, 2004). Nike was founded in 1964 by Phil Knight and Bill Bowerman at a time when the sport shoes market in America was dominated by expensive products manufactured in the United States and Germany. WhileRead MoreCase Study Of Nike, A Global Environment, Transportation And New Technologies1021 Words   |  5 Pagesthose related to sustainability. In a more global environment, companies need to develop new skills related to sustainability management. For this assignment we will analyze the case of Nike, a company whose expansion strategy made it the global poster child for corporate ethical fecklessness (Zadek, 2004). Nike was founded in 1964 by Phil Knight and Bill Bowerman at a time when the sport shoes market in America was dominated by expensive products manufactured in the United States and Germany. WhileRead MoreThe Nike Inc. Company945 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction The Nike Inc. company â€Å"Just Do It† logo encourages many to be motivated to push themselves to work hard and to feel good about themselves. The Nike Inc. shoe industry has marketed their sneakers through popular icons such as sport players. However, the same should be encouraged in employees who manufacture these products overseas in China, Indonesia and Korea. Nike has a responsibility to ensure that Management in the manufacturing company are held to a higher practice to avoid unsafe

Essay on Britvic Plc Financial Analysis - 5074 Words

Alexandra-Gabriela Sirbu Business and Management, year 2, University of Salford 12/17/2010 BRITVIC PLC Table of contents: 1 .Aim pg. 2 2. Company overview pg. 2 3. Short-term assets management pg. 3 4. Liquidity pg. 4 5. Profitability pg. 5 6. Financial structure and cost of capital pg.7 7. Share price behaviour pg. 8 8. Portfolio effect pg. 10 9. Concluding remarks pg 12 10. Bibliography pg 13 Britvic PLC –financial analysis- 1. Aim The aim of the following report is to assess the financial activity of Britvic PLC over a sixty months period, from January 2005 until December 2009, in order to make recommendations for a future investment in the company. 2. Company overview Britvic PLC was founded in 1938, in†¦show more content†¦Britvic PLC was compelled in 2007 to increase with approximately 10 days the period in which credit customers pay their liabilities, so that the impact of economic recession over the organisation’s profit was reduced by maintaining the drop in the level of sales at an acceptable level. One year later, in 2008, an 8 days decrease in his ratio was recorded, followed by a 2 days increase in 2009. As reported by their financial statements, the debtors’ days ratio has been stable for the past two years, a sign of recovery after the economic recession, but not as low as in the economic boom, characteristic for the 2005-2006 period. The third ratio mirroring the company’s efficiency is the creditors’ days ratio, which measures, according to Atrill, the number of days in which the business pays its debts to suppliers. Britvic PLC’s financial statements recorded in 2009 a 20 days increase in the above mentioned ratio compared to the 2005-2008 average that had a value of 149 days. Therefore, Britvic PLC paid in 2009 its debts 169 days after the enclosure of the transactions. Taking into consideration the fact that Britvic PLC is operating in the soft drinks industry, which has a medium pace of generating cash, it may be stated that this ratio’s value is high enough to reflect that Britvic PLC is risking the creditors’ goodwill. On the other hand, the company paid its short-term liabilities in approximately four months after receiving the suppliesShow MoreRelatedCompany s External And Internal Environment Analysis1387 Words   |  6 Pagesinternal environment analysis to evaluate the company in the industry and future developments. Assess the external environment mainly through PESTLE Analysis and Porter s 5 Forces. Strategic Recourses Capability Analysis for internal environmental assessment is conducted. Finally, the company somehow SWOT analysis, concluded †¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¢ This article mainly refer to the company s annual financial reports, industry reports and official website as references. 1. Introduction Britvic plc is a UK soft drinkRead MoreQuestions On Corporate Finance ( Man4030m )3917 Words   |  16 Pages(MAN4030M) ASSESSED COURSEWORK (SUPPLEMENTARY) TOPIC: VALUATION OF A.G. BARR PLC STUDENT: SHAHID YOUNUS UOB No. 11027691 TUTOR: SEAN FINUCANE GROUP: A Table of Contents List of Figures List of Tables 1. Business Description 1 2. Competitive Positioning in the Industry 1 3. Market Valuation 2 3.1 Recent Stock Performance and Value to Share Holders 2 3.2 Past Stock Performance and Value to Share Holders 2 4. Financial Analysis 5 4.1 Income Statement Review: 5 4.2 Balance Sheet Review: 5 5. ValuationRead MoreMarketing Plan of Coca Cola6005 Words   |  25 PagesCoca-Cola in Great Britain Live On The Coke Side of Life Table of Contents Introduction 3 PESTLE Analysis of the macro-environment 4 SWOT Analysis 5 BCG Matrix 6 SPICC 7 Suppliers 7 Publics 7 Intermediaries 7 Competition 8 Customers, consumers and markets 10 Soft Drinks Market 10 Table 1: Soft Drinks UK Market Segmentation 11 Market for smoothies 12 Table 2 : Forecast of UK retail sales of smoothies, 2001-11 13 Table 3 :Brand manufacturers sales of the smoothiesRead MoreInnocent Drinks5432 Words   |  22 Pagesmarketing industry. Inclusion requires a mix of powerful marketing, a famous brand, a big budget, influence, quality and entrepreneurship. Swot analysis Strengths: Innocent is a leading player in the UK’s smoothie market since 2004, which has total revenue of  £16.7 million during the fiscal year ended December 2004 (Innocent, 2006). Drawing upon Financial Times (2006) it can be suggested that the company’s strong commitment to new product development and its ability to respond quickly to trends in

Samskara Evolution of Self Free Essays

Samskara: Evolution of Self The novel Samskara: A Rite for a Dead Man, by U. R. Anatha Murthy, tells the story of a Brahmin village community, an agrahara, and the revered Brahmin man Praneshacharya who lives there. We will write a custom essay sample on Samskara: Evolution of Self or any similar topic only for you Order Now Central to the novel is its namesake, the concept of samskara. Adjacent to the title page, the author supplies the many definitions of the samskara, including: â€Å"making perfect†, â€Å"refinement†, â€Å"the realizing of past perceptions†, and â€Å"any rite or ceremony† just to name a few. Throughout the novel, these various understandings of samskara play into the lives of the Brahmins living in the agrahara of the protagonist. Particularly for Praneshacharya, he goes through a sort of rite of passage throughout the novel, in a way his own samskara. The novel begins immediately with the death of Naranappa, a Brahmin member of the agrahara who had long abandoned his orthodox Brahmin dharma. Naranappa, though deceased at the outset of the novel, is a major character, who acts as a polar opposite to Praneshacharya. Naranappa breaks all tradition from the Brahmins of the agrahara. He eats meat, he drinks alcohol, and he even disregards the caste system, sleeping with Chandri, a lowcaste woman. In his life, Naranappa defied the rigid moral code of the Brahmins, and then in death through his samskara, his death rites, he challenges the traditions of the agrahara, and in doing so exposes the samskara of the local Brahmins, or lack thereof. Naranappa’s death triggers a comical confusion of Brahmin traditional funeral rites. Having essentially renounced his brahminhood through his conduct and going so far as threatening to become muslim, Naranappa could well have been excommunicated from the Brahmin community; however, since he was not, it was understood that he must be cremated by Brahmins, lest any pollution enter upon the ceremony. This was problematic for two men, Lakshmana and Garuda, who wanted to acquire the gold jewelry donated by Naranappa’s wife Chandri towards the death rites. In this way, the samskara, or refinement, of these Brahmin men is called into question through Naranappa’s samskara. Praneshacharya is affected in a very different way by Naranappa’s death. Having lived the life of an orthodox Brahmin all his life, studying the scriptures and such, Praneshacharya knows only of the ascetic lifestyle of purity, avoiding pollution at all times, learned from scriptures and tradition. His samskara, his perfecting, involved not lived experience but recitations of scripture. He even reads erotic scriptural passages yet understands not of the sexual compulsions they relate to. However, through his stressful dealings with Naranappa’s death rites, he has a sudden reversal moment of his thinking in his experience with Chandri. This moment is the beginning of his samskara, which takes his through various stages of self-reflection, thinking through his past (samskara), until he ultimately decides to return to the village, yet it is unclear what he plans to do once there. By the end of the novel, Praneshacharya does not entirely change his way of thinking to that of Naranappa’s. Indeed, he is still very different in personality, however there are many overlaps. Praneshacharya does many things which are strictly forbidden by his orthodox Brahmin Mahdva background. He sleeps with a lowcaste woman, Chandri, also the widowed wife of Naranappa, herein lying one major connection between the two men. He also frinks coffee in town with Putta, and even eats food at the temple during the time he should be fasting after his wife’s death. Praneshacharya seems to accept these violations as his decisions, and therefore his identity. By identifying with these experiences, he is confirming his experience as samskara, a rite of passage. He does however still fear many aspects of his anti-brahmin lifestyle as reflected through his experiences with Putta in the town. He fears the cock-fighting ring and the demoniac attitudes of those involved. He also still cannot bear the pollution of his unwashed hands after leaving the temple meal. Clearly, Praneshacharya is in a state of transition in the novel, and indeed it is part of his samskara. The final line of the novel suggests even he does not know where he stands, just that it isn’t as before. How to cite Samskara: Evolution of Self, Papers

Detention Centres free essay sample

The issue of Detention centres and whether or not there uses are necessary to protect our nation is a subject of great debate. This issue seems to fall into a moral grey area, as not having them would be morally wrong in that we would be letting anyone from anywhere into our country thus leaving unchecked entries of possible terrorists and other sorts of plausible threats. But having them still, at the same time, falls into this moral grey spot. The reason that these detention centres exist is because people that occupy Australia’s land without a visa are illegal immigrants and therefore subject to lawful inquiries, while these inquiries are made the person/people that are in question are transported to a detention centre technically out of Australia. They are ‘detained’ (supposedly for a short amount of time) until it is decided whether or not they are refugees and if so whether they shall enter Australia or a 3rd country can be found that will accept them. We will write a custom essay sample on Detention Centres or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The use of detention is controversial because opponents argue it is wrong to imprison or restrict the movements of people who have committed no crime, and in many cases, people who have come to the UK to escape persecution. Those detained and their advocates have frequently complained about the conditions inside detention centres and the treatment of detainees by staff. With this taken into account, one must also remember that Detention Centres are a major process component for how our nation manages immigration.According to the Australian Government Department of Immigration and Citizenship; there are seven key values that a detention centre must run by, set by the minister of immigration and citizenship from 2008. These values being: 1. Mandatory detention is an essential component of strong border control. 2. To support the integrity of Australias immigration program, three groups will be subject to mandatory detention: a. all unauthorised arrivals, for management of health, identity and security risks to the community b. unlawful non-citizens who present unacceptable risks to the community and c.Unlawful non-citizens who have repeatedly refused to comply with their visa conditions. 3. Children, including juvenile foreign fishers and, where possible, their families, will not be detained in an immigration detention centre (IDC). 4. Detention that is indefinite or otherwise arbitrary is not acceptable and the length and conditions of detention, including the appropriateness of both the accommodation and the services provided, would be subject to regular review. 5. Detention in immigration detention centres is only to be used as a last resort and for the shortest practicable time. . People in detention will be treated fairly and reasonably within the law. 7. Conditions of detention will ensure the inherent dignity of the human person. Amnesty international, a major leader in fighting for detention centre abolishment, argues the point that it is not illegal to seek asylum in Australia. And I argue that no one ever said it was illegal, the asylum seekers that come looking for a new home are merely subject to lawful enquiries, and detention centres are merely part of the security process.Amnesty also publicly argues that the amount of refugees arriving by boat that have been terrorists is in fact, zero. This argument seems flawed in that, in the past people claiming to be refugees have been sent to detention centres and had background checks, and in many cases it has been found that they have provided incorrect information and have been deported to a separate country. Another threat from underdeveloped countries is an abnormally high amount of contagious diseases; these diseases can be found and possibly even cured in detention centres, therefore reducing another possible negative effect on Australia. Diseases from South Africa are especially disconcerting, as a large amount of immigrants can contain aids, small pox, malaria and a number of other infectious diseases for which Australians are currently routinely vaccinated against. In addition to this, these people also receive medical treatment for their illnesses whilst in the detention centre, this helps prevent the spread of contagious diseases throughout the Australian population. It is a well documented fact that Australia itself is a terrorist target area.According to the Australian government department of foreign affairs and trade, Australia is publicly and ‘frequently’ threatened by Al Qaida leaders. In fact, Australia has been referred to in six separate statements issued by Osama bin laden with his intentions clear on where he stands on western nations. This possible threat from people or groups of people means that Australia as a nation needs to take certain precautions as a security measure to stop possib le threats of terrorists; one of these security measures is detention centres.Whilst these security measures do provide a certain amount of protection, they’re not completely 100% as sometimes people that have bad intentions at heart still do make it through. In one case a man had left the centre for not even 2 days and was arrested for rape. The problems that arise from detention centres, is that often the occupants can be stuck inside the detention centre for a number of years, as the system is slow in processing information about people.This would not be so bad, but, in many of the refugee cases the people involved do not have the language skills to understand that what they are doing by entering Australia is wrong, is their ignorance worth putting them in a prison-like environment for a long period of time? Especially if they came here seeking refuge. Also, until 2004, the immigration amendment did not give regulations dependant on age, so unknowing children of families seeking refuge got exactly the same kind of treatment as their parents that brought them over.The treatment of the children was far from a ‘necessary evil’ to protect our nation; they held no threat at all. Inside the detention centres, staff morale is of ten very low, due to the isolation that the jobs bring on, this in turn had an effect on the occupants of the centre. Leading to discrimination, acts of violence and in some cases people have literally ‘gone missing’. Another of the ‘evils’ that is shown by detention centres, is that; the treatment of refugees from other countries is seen unfair given their circumstances for coming to Australia.They come expecting welcome and freedom but instead they receive a (supposedly) hostile jail-like environment that they can be kept in for a number of years. Now, these detention centres act as a filtering system for the immigrants that are not actually seeking refuge, but hold a certain amount of threat towards our country, these people must be handpicked out of the crowd so that they do not cause any damage to the wellbeing of Australia. People that are looking for a new place to work inside Australia are also considered a threat to Australia, whilst this may seem harsh let me explain.The problem with this is that if people from 3rd world countries want to seek a workplace inside Australia, then the amount of jobs for Australians would be less and therefore negatively affect us and our natio n. With all these factors in play, Detention Centres do still seem to ultimately aid our border control in a way that is unmatchable by other modern methods. Without them we would be building the security of our nation on the trust between such groups as Al Qaeda and us, the westerners. A flaw that could potentially be catastrophic for Australia and its inhabitants.

Revolution of Mobile Application in the Field of Technology

Question: How does the Mobile Applications have led to a Revolution in the Field of Technology. Answer: Introduction Mobile applications have led to a revolution in the field of technology. People in the present times use Internet for almost all the tasks and food ordering applications are on an all time rise. These applications allow the users to browse through the restaurants in a specific area as entered by the user on the basis of selected categories and also order food from the selected restaurant. The document covers the details of mobile application implementation by Zomato and also covers the features of the application and the benefits associated with it. Organization Background The case study to understand the details of mobile application implementation in the food industry has been chosen from the organization as Zomato. Zomato was initially launched as a website to allow the users to discover the places to eat on the basis of area that is selected. The team collects data on the restaurants and food joints in the cities across the world and the information is made accessible to the users. The organization later implemented their services on the mobile application (Zomato, 2017). Problem Definition The use of mobile devices has spread rapidly in the recent years. The primary mode of accessing web and web applications were personal computers earlier. However, the trend is the use of mobile devices to access web and web services. Smartphones and tablets are the mobile devices that are mostly used by the users. In case of Zomato, the organization only had its website in place and did not have a mobile app earlier. It led to the emergence of issues such as usability issues, visual appeal and performance issues and likewise. Also, the use of mobile app was considered to be more applicable in terms of accessing restaurants on the basis of current location (Kang, 2014). Zomato Mobile Application Due to the usability and performance issues in the accessing of the web site on the mobile devices, it was decided to implement the mobile application for Zomato. The application was developed for the Android and iOS users all across the globe and comprised of all the features that were present in the web site Features of the Application Ability to allow the users to log in to the Zomato application Ability to allow the users to browse the nearby places to eat on the basis of the location of the user. The application retrieves the current location of the mobile device and presents the nearby restaurants and the places to eat to the user Ability to allow the user to browse the places to eat on the basis of the location that is entered by the user Ability to search the restaurants in a particular location on the basis of categories such as caf, dining, ice-cream parlor and likewise Ability to allow the user to view and add reviews to a particular restaurant in the form of images and comments (Boakye, 2015) Ability to order food from a particular restaurant by allowing the user to look through the menu and retrieving the respective contact information. Ability to order food and select the preferred mode of payment as cash on delivery or online payments (Kim, Mirusmonov and Lee, 2010) Ability to allow the user to view the restaurant details such as images, menu, average cost and review Ability to allow the user to manage the account by editing the account, viewing order history, editing connected accounts and viewing saved offers and drafts Ability to bookmark a particular restaurant to make it appear in the fee Ability to connect with other users by integrating the account with social media platforms such as Facebook and Google+ (Bing, 2015) There were a number of system qualities that were offered with the mobile application and were incorporated in the form of non-functional requirementsThe application was made available to the users on a non-stop basis. It had the ability to allow the users to access any of the application features at any point of time. Ability of the application to have an enhanced system quality in the form of application performance. The application did not suffer from the issues such as delay in the response time and increased throughput time in spite of the increased number of users on the application at the same time. Ability of the application to have an enhanced system quality in the form of application scalability and supportability. The application was designed and implemented in such a manner that it had the ability to be scaled up or scaled down as and when required. Ability of the application to have an enhanced system quality in the form of application reliability. The information that was provided by the application was valid at all points of time Ability of the application to have an enhanced system quality in the form of application usability. The application was designed in such a manner that it was easy to be used by the users and had simple layouts and easy navigations (Nathan, Hashim and Hussain, 2016) Interface to the Enterprise The mobile application was implemented for the major mobile operating systems such as Android and iOS. The system was accessible to the users in the form of a mobile app that had the User Interface with all the requirements and features implemented in the same. Also, there were many of the non-functional requirements such as availability, security, supportability and portability (Afonso and Silva, 2004). The front end of the system that is the application user interface that was visible and accessible by the users was kept simple such that the users could easily understand the features of the application. The back end of the application comprised of a database engine to store the application data such as patient information, resource information and likewise. Impact on the Users and Company The mobile application had positive impacts on the users as well as the company as it led to the engagement of increased number of users with the company. Mobile devices especially smartphones and tablets are now being used by the users all across the world. Also, the preferred mode of accessing internet and associated applications are also these mobile devices only. Due to this reason, the users could get the ability to easily access the mobile application of Zomato and find the restaurant or order food from restaurants easily. It led to the enhancement of user satisfaction and user engagement with the company. It proved to be beneficial for the company as well as the profits and the number of users increased and the quality and availability of the services also improved with the aid of the mobile application implementation (Lee and Chang, 2013). Business Process Redevelopment There were a number of business processes that were modified or redeveloped at Zomato with the implementation of the mobile application. Earlier, Zomato was simply a restaurant finder and browsing service that was being offered to the users with the help of the web site. The business process associated with order of food through the aid of Zomato was not present on Zomato. With the implementation of the mobile application, food ordering was offered to the users through the mobile app as well as the web site. Also, the designing of a web site is very different from that of the mobile application in terms of usability, layout, navigation and other UI aspects. It was therefore required to design the mobile app from scratch and implement the same in the business architecture of Zomato which was accomplished with success (Pourasadi and Dastanian, 2014). Application Benefits The mobile application implementation at Zomato led to a number of different benefits for the associated parties such as the organization itself, its stakeholders and the users. It allowed the organization that is Zomato to attract increased number of users by providing its services in the form of mobile application. It provided the organization with the competitive edge in the market. Food ordering apps are being developed by different organizations and are also being demanded by the users. However, Zomato is the first in the list to offer restaurant finding along with food ordering services to the users. Providing all of these services on a mobile platform led to the increase in sales in terms of accessing the services and also led to ordering of food through Zomato. Users find it easy to make use of their Smartphones to search information on the basis of their location. Zomato offered the same with their mobile application as it allowed the users to look for the restaurants on the basis of the location of the mobile device. The user experience along with the usability of the application improved with the implementation of the mobile application of Zomato. There are numerous restaurant and food joints that have been set up in various areas and localities all across the world. They did not have a platform earlier to get recognized and the only medium of marketing was print media for these entities. Zomato, however, allowed the enhanced form of marketing to these restaurants and eating joints as it provided them with the ability to get features on the application. Every time there was a new joint or a new restaurant set up in a locality, Zomato featured the same in the list of the restaurants of that particular area. There are issues with accessing the web site on a mobile application even if it is designed as per the responsive web design. The user experience that is achieved with a mobile application is better than a responsive web site. The same was the case with Zomato as it allowed the users to have an enhanced user experience without any compromise on the performance of the application (Tsiaousis and Giaglis, 2014). Social media integration and the benefits that are associated with the same were also experienced with the implementation of mobile application at Zomato. Users currently demand the applications and web services to offer social media integration and the mobile application of Zomato allowed the users to connect with the popular social media accounts. It led to the increased marketing of the organization itself along with the food chains and restaurants that were connected with it. References Afonso, A. and Silva, M. (2004). Dynamic Information Dissemination to Mobile Users. Mobile Networks and Applications, 9(5), pp.529-536. Bing, Y. (2015). A Usability Evaluation of Mobile Healthcare Application GUI Design - Focused on the Exercise Application -. Journal of Digital Design, 15(1), pp.223-233. Boakye, K. (2015). Factors influencing mobile data service (MDS) continuance intention: An empirical study. Computers in Human Behavior, 50, pp.125-131. Kang, S. (2014). Factors influencing intention of mobile application use. International Journal of Mobile Communications, 12(4), p.360. Kim, C., Mirusmonov, M. and Lee, I. (2010). An empirical examination of factors influencing the intention to use mobile payment. Computers in Human Behavior, 26(3), pp.310-322. Lee, S. and Chang, B. (2013). Factors influencing the use of portals on mobile internet devices. International Journal of Mobile Communications, 11(3), p.279. Nathan, S., Hashim, N. and Hussain, A. (2016). A Usability Evaluation of Mobile Application: A Review on Usability Model for the Deaf. Jurnal Teknologi, 78(4-3). Pourasadi, M. and Dastanian, L. (2014). An empirical investigation on factors influencing intention of use of internet banking. Management Science Letters, 4(1), pp.175-180. Tsiaousis, A. and Giaglis, G. (2014). Mobile websites: usability evaluation and design. International Journal of Mobile Communications, 12(1), p.29. Zomato, (2017). Zomato. [online] Available at: https://www.zomato.com/about [Accessed 29 Mar. 2017].